Scott Becks Action Cycles » fixie

	Track Bike Fixie Frame W/Fork Single Speed 51cm List Price: $289.97 Sale Price: $99.97
	TRACK FRAME WITH FORK SINGLE SPEED FIXIE NAME BRAND FRAME AT DISCOUNTED PRICE! (as per agreement with this well known and highly respected manufacturer; to avoid pricing competition with other dealers, the brand name label needed to be removed to secure this low price)...

	Track Bike Fixie Frame W/Fork Single Speed 53cm List Price: $289.97 Sale Price: $99.97
	TRACK FRAME WITH FORKSINGLE SPEED FIXIE NAME BRAND FRAME AT DISCOUNTED PRICE! (as per agreement with this well known and highly respected manufacturer; to avoid pricing competition with other dealers, the brand name label needed to be removed to secure this low price)...

Pake Track is a post from: Scott Becks Action Cycles

Fixie Fixed

scot — Sat, 21 Aug 2010 16:53:26 +0000

Fixie Fixed

Green Your Weekend - Clean and Repair Your Dryer Vent

Change Your Clocks, Change Your Batteries, CLEAN YOUR DRYER VENT

Each time I venture out to my garden bench, I inadvertently pass my dryer vent exhaust.
The cracked hood surrounded by moss and mold covered caulk and rusted screws never fails to catch my attention. Knowing that hot and cold air must be escaping through that hole has put this home repair on the top of my fall to-do list.

What originally began as an aesthetic and energy saving fifteen-dollar-fix, has turned into a little research and a lot of shocking statistics!

The USFA (United States Fire Administration), released a report regarding residential building clothes dryer fires.

According to this report:
Clothes dryer fires account for about 15,600 structure fires, 15 deaths, and 400 injuries annually.
Eighty percent of clothes dryer fires in structures occur in residential buildings.
Annually, 12,700 clothes dryer fires occur in residential buildings resulting in 15 deaths and 300 injuries.
“Failure to clean” is the leading factor contributing to clothes dryer fires in residential buildings.
New home construction trends place clothes dryers and washing machines in more hazardous locations away from outside walls such as bedrooms, second-floor hallways, bathrooms, and kitchens.

A clothes dryer works by forcing hot air through a turning drum. Wet clothes dried by the moving hot air. Lint is created from the clothes as the water is removed and the clothes dry. While much of the lint is trapped by the dryer’s filter, it is also carried through the venting system, with the moist air. The accumulation of lint, both in the dryer and in the dryer vent, reduces the airflow and creates a highly flammable fuel source.
In addition to the accumulation of lint, blockage in dryer exhaust vents also occurs from the nests of small birds and animals or from bends in the venting system itself. A compromised vent will not exhaust properly to the outside and overheating is a common result; when enough heat is produced to ignite the lint or nearby items, a fire can occur.

Proper maintenance for clothes dryers involves removing the lint from the traps, vents, and surrounding areas of the dryer. Not unexpectedly, the leading factor contributing to ignition for dryer fires is operation deficiencies, specifically “failure to clean.”

Though dryer fire prevention is important no matter where you do your laundry, here’s an even more important reason to pay attention to this report:

New construction trends now situate washers and dryers in nontraditional areas of the house, such as upstairs bedrooms, hallways, bathrooms, kitchens, and closets. These new sites generally require longer dryer vents in order to reach an outside wall. These routes contain sharp turns and bends that navigate through the structure of the home. When lint has to pass through an exhaust that is under a floor or through walls and is more than 6 feet long, it is almost impossible to propel all the lint out of the vent. As a result, lint can accumulate in pockets along the vent where they are harder to reach and clean. Thus, it is crucial for homeowners to also regularly inspect and clean out the dryer vent.

All manufacturers now state in their manuals not to use plastic flexible dryer ducts between the vent and the clothes dryer. The plastic itself can provide additional fuel for a fire.
If you notice heavy clothes such as blue jeans or towels taking a long time to dry, or clothes feel hotter than usual at the end of the cycle, then a clogged dryer vent exhaust is likely the problem.
Keep fire extinguishers and working smoke alarms near the clothes dryer.

If you do not feel comfortable cleaning or inspecting the dryer vent yourself, you can call a duct cleaning service. The Chimney Safety Institute of America (CSIA), a nonprofit educational organization, also provides information on clothes dryer fires and can provide a list of CSIA-certified dryer exhaust duct technicians.

Exhaust should vent directly outside the house.

Source:
U.S. Department of Homeland Security • U.S. Fire Administration
National Fire Data Center
www.usfa.dhs.gov/statistics/reports/
Thanks for reading the October Fixie Chick blog series, “Green Your Weekend”. For more tips on how you can green your home, tune into Home&Yard Radio with the Fixie Chick, Saturdays at 10:00am on 950 am.

Have a great weekend!
-The Fixie Chick

About the Author

Tune into Home&Yard;Radio with the Fixie Chick Saturdays at 10:00am on 950 ESPN for more must have information for your Home & Yard!
Women owned businesses. DIY Home Improvements. Look at my other businesses: http://www.fixinchix.com & Healthy homes of Rochester http://www.healthyhomesofrochester.com
Well save you money on your home\\\'s energy costs.

Brenna Hartmann also writes for the Democrat and Chronicle\\\'s Living Section in Rochester, NY. In addition she writes monthly for The Property Source Magazine and the Home and yard Handbook which she was the founder and since has sold the handbook entity in order to spend more time with her family and children.

Websites were developed by www.coynetechsystems.com contact them for all your web development and hosting needs.

FIxie , Fixed Gear Bike, Washington DC

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2010 Cannondale Capo 1 56cm Track Bike Fixed Gear Fixie
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BLACK ROAD BIKE FOR STEEL TRACK FIXIE FORK RIGID FIXED
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NEW 58CM WINDSOR CLOCKWORK TRACK BIKE FIXED GEAR FIXIE
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Hipster Pedal Straps bike fixie fixed many colors
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	TRACK Fixed Gear Bike Crankset Crank 170mm w/ 48t List Price: $99.97 Sale Price: $49.97
	PROWHEELTRACK BIKE CRANKSETSINGLE SPEEDFIXED GEAR size: 170mm crankset color:black use:track/road type: single material, crank:forged alloy material, chainring: alloy chainring: 48t pedal spindle thread: 9/16" bcd: 130mm weight: 673g condition: removed from new/never ridden track bike

	61cm Track Fixed Gear Chromoly Road Bike Bicycle List Price: $399.97 Sale Price: $199.97
	2010 Track Fixed Gear / Single Speed Road Bike Chromoly Catch a great deal on this track / fixed gear road bike. This bike is set up ready to ride on the road as a single speed, or at the velodrome as a fixed gear...

Fixie Fixed is a post from: Scott Becks Action Cycles

Nitto Gold

scot — Tue, 03 Aug 2010 15:12:26 +0000

Nitto Gold

Shenzhen High-Tech Industry highlighted the status of the first pillar

Autumn in October, cool breeze is cool. However, in Shenzhen, has a "China's E-first Street," said Huaqiang North, is still a hot. Tens of thousands of varieties of electronic information products are hot here, trading, and quickly flow throughout the country.

From this large-scale IT product distribution center overlooks out, you will see a complete electronic information industry chain - Huawei, Foxconn, "heavily guarded" in Longhua - Sakata Area, ZTE, Skyworth, TCL, Great Wall, Kingdee, Tencent, etc. Large IT companies lined with high-tech zones, mobile phones, notebook computers, MP3 and other digital products gathered in the days On and Che Kung Temple park, colored assortment of components and intermediate products for processing trade all street Baoan Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, ... ... make concerted efforts to push the global electronics of the information industry high ground.

By virtue of "brought" innovative and independent research and development, Shenzhen's electronic information industry from scratch, and now have become an important national and global communications equipment, computer and peripheral equipment, electronic components, home audio-visual and software research and development, production and export base .

Leading a high steady forward to lead the IT city

In recent years, the Shenzhen municipal government to seize the international electronic information industry, a large-scale transfers to developing countries and regions of this historical opportunity to continue to support the introduction of the electronic information industry as the core of the high-tech industry policies and measures to encourage enterprises to self - innovation, the introduction of large multinational companies, to develop independent innovation, high-tech industries and private technology enterprises. At present, Shenzhen's electronic information industry of the industry structure, corporate structure, product mix and increasing optimization, electronic components, communications equipment, software products, the proportion of high-end products continues to increase.

According to statistics, from 2004 to 2008 five-year period, the Shenzhen high-tech product output value of 300 billion yuan -8.0 thousand billion across a row of five multi-billion dollar level, an average annual increase of 27.8%, producing an average annual industrial added value increased by 28. 0%, high-tech industries in Shenzhen's economic and social development of the first pillar of status has been further highlighted.

In the large industrial scale and intensive local group of innovative companies under the strong support and pull, Shenzhen is now the leader in the country's high-tech products base and IT city. Last year, the city's high-tech products achieved a record value of 871.095 billion yuan, more than Beijing, Shanghai ranks first in the cities. Among them, the electronic information industry output value reached 783.915 billion yuan year on year growth rate of 13%, indicating absolute advantage in IT industry; software industry output value of 231.7 billion yuan, an increase of 42% and exports of 8.64 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 91%, continue to medium-sized cities in the nation's first; IC design industry output value of 6.1 billion, the first time, ranking first in the country. Meanwhile, Shenzhen, a large number of electronic information products in the country's premier, mobile phones, program-controlled switchboards, communication base stations, color TV, computer, embedded software, etc. among the nation's output and even governments around the world.

At present, Shenzhen has emerged a group of highly competitive at home and abroad, high-profile leading backbone enterprises, Huawei, ZTE, Skyworth, Great Wall and science and technology enterprises in industrial output value exceeded 10.0 billion play a clear demonstration and promotion a supportive role. Communications equipment industry, Huawei, ZTE, the computer manufacturing industry Fu Jin, Lenovo, Great Wall Technology, home audio-visual industry, Konka, Skyworth and so on, have become well-known leader and designer. The EVOC, SEG navigation, Netac, a batch of innovative enterprises, have gradually become the representation of the various business segments. Among them, Shenzhen, in the three software has obvious advantages: to Kingdee, gold certificates, represented by enterprise information in order to Tencent, Thunder as the representative of the Internet services to Huawei, ZTE, Mindray, Section of land, with the Chau, Hang-sheng represented by the embedded software. In 2008, Shenzhen received 12.1% of the GDP growth rate of the electronic information industry as the core, high-tech become a major pulling power.

Business innovation to promote industrial upgrading

Enterprise Technology Center to become the backbone industry of independent innovation, as at the end of 2007, in Shenzhen, nine state-level enterprise technical centers and 57 city-level enterprise technical centers, electronic information industry, there are Huawei, ZTE, Konka, Huaqiang, Skyworth, Hang Sheng six state-level enterprise technical center, and HYT, Taiwan's telecommunications, gold card and science and technology 33 city-level enterprise technical centers.

In the field of this industry in Shenzhen has a wealth of intellectual property rights results, independent innovation capability has been increasing. In 2008, the city's patent applications 36249, 18757 of which invention patents, the vast majority from the electronic information enterprises; the city's PCT international patent application 2709, 5 consecutive years, ranking No. 1 medium-sized cities, Huawei submitted throughout the year by virtue of 1737 PCT patent applications, hold the top spot for the first time. The first half of this year, the city's patent application 19754, an increase of 18.27%; patents 11770, an increase of 37.28%, of which invention patents 4340, an increase of 88.78%.

At present, the telecommunications equipment manufacturing industry in Shenzhen has become a competitive advantage in electronic information industry, the most obvious, the market prospects for the industry's most extensive, particularly in the mobile communications industry, and gradually formed an operator as a leader, set communications equipment manufacturers, information service providers communication in one complete industrial chain.

Many enterprises through the use of OEM to ODM, and then to its own brand development model, forming a group with independent intellectual property rights, innovation ability, market share and advanced technology, brand-name products. Communications equipment, computers and peripherals, digital audio, automotive electronics, flat panel display, software and other six major industrial chain, has become the most competitive brand in Shenzhen industry.

IT industries have become the backbone of response to financial crisis

"In the global financial crisis since 2008, intensified the situation, the electronic information industry in Shenzhen and brands have obvious advantages, the products of high added value companies are less affected."

ZTE continuously upgrade technical innovation capability, continuing the consolidation of the scale of cost advantages, and to take the initiative in the domestic and foreign markets, and constantly conquer new territories this year, the performance of sustained high growth, market share further expanded. In the first half, when Nokia, Ericsson, Motorola and other global communications giant, a significant decline in performance of the occasion, ZTE is to grasp market turbulence in emerging opportunities in mobile terminals, wireless products, cable products the overall development of three main areas, the domestic market, hi have been integrated 3G market share first, steady growth in overseas markets, BenQ has won large orders. In addition, with one of Europe's largest operators, Deutsche Telekom unit T-Mobile to carry out GFA cooperation, and to establish strategies for all markets across Europe partnership. OMT with the French operator to sign commercial UMTS expansion contract, ZTE has also entered the Romania, Estonia, Belarus and other Eastern European markets.

In fact, electronic information enterprises in Shenzhen are the opportunities with the financial crisis, and continuously expand the industrial chain. Skyworth, Konka, TCL and so on color TV manufacturers in Shenzhen with foreign co-operation or a separate factory, one after another into the upper reaches of LCD module, the establishment of an integrated module to the machine manufacturing plant, to shorten logistic time, to save manufacturing costs, in the flat-panel TV to master more initiative. Statistics show that the three major color TV manufacturers this year, LCD TV sales doubled year on year growth, market share sharply.

"With independent intellectual property rights for the characteristics of groups of electronic information enterprises have become the mainstay of Shenzhen to withstand the financial crisis." The latest data from the public view, from January to May this year, Huawei's production value of 53.884 billion yuan, up 32.75% ; ZTE value of 21.782 billion yuan, an increase of 75.18%. In large enterprises, driven by steady growth in the electronic information industry rebound. The first 7 months, the city's electronic information industry realized an accumulative total above-scale industrial added value of 89.055 billion yuan, an increase of 9.9%, accounting for the province, the national electronic information manufacturing value added of 55% and 15%; to achieve Software revenue 66.6 billion, an increase of 22.5 percent. Huawei, ZTE, EVOC and other adverse economic growth of a large number of enterprises for independent innovation and promote industry-wide continued to optimize the industrial structure.

Industry, large projects have potentially very strong floor

With the national electronic information industry base, the national service outsourcing base, national software export base, such as national e-commerce model city have settled down in Shenzhen, together with the municipal government and continuing to adopt a policy to support the electronic information industry, Shenzhen has become a global electronic information industry investment a hot spot. Including Samsung, Whirlpool, Intel, Oracle, Hitachi, STS, etc., are the global giants to invest in Shenzhen, the electronic information industry faces a major breakthrough.

Earlier this year, China's largest chip maker, Semiconductor Manufacturing International Co., Ltd., officially announced the set up in Shenzhen, the southern headquarters of 1.58 billion U.S. dollars investment in the building of integrated circuits technology development center and two IC chip production lines, there is no one end of the South China 8-inch chip production lines over history.

"Shenzhen IC Design Industry with a bright future." According to industry experts say, according to Shenzhen "Eleventh Five-Year" development goals by 2010, sales of more than 1 billion yuan in Shenzhen in IC design enterprises will reach five or more sales more than 1 billion in IC design enterprises for more than 15, the city's IC design industry's total sales revenue of 150 billion yuan, and in digital television, communications, mobile phones, information appliances and other areas supporting the formation of complete series IC products, drive chain 150 billion yuan the incremental value of the above.

At the same time, as an important component of the electronic information industry of the flat panel display items fruitful, the city has introduced and the construction of ultra-deep optical 5th-generation TFT-LCD panel production line, Leybold 2.5-generation TFT-LCD panel production line, China Ying-TFT-LCD liquid crystal display modules, Nitto Denko large polarizing film production line, SEG Samsung's ultra-thin coating of glass and other flat panel display projects with a total investment of 1.95 billion. All of the projects put into production, you can add an estimated annual output of about 25.0 billion.

Even more exciting is that the electronic information industry has been the formation of a new growth point. In June of this year, "National Center for Supercomputing Center, Shenzhen," settled down in Shenzhen, next to achieve the end of the operation, it is based in Shenzhen, services in South China, Hong Kong and Macao and Southeast Asia, and ultimately the formation of public information services, business technology innovation, science and technology research and development, human resources, the four major platform for popularizing science and technology . The STS IC packaging factory in Longgang, MediaTek's mobile phone chip design, DuPont thin-film solar and other new projects will gradually fall in Shenzhen.

At present, Shenzhen is playing a comparative advantage, accelerate the construction industry cluster base, to play a home audio-visual, automotive electronics and other areas of R & D and manufacturing advantages, speed up the modern home appliances and automotive electronics industrial clustering bases. City Branch Trade and Industry Committee official said the letter would make every effort to SMIC 8-inch / 12-inch wafer fabrication, Chunghwa Picture Tubes LCD modules, ultra-deep optical fifth-generation TFT-LCD panel production line, Sun East Technology Polarizer , Payton technology packaging and testing of the century compound semiconductor crystal source of major projects and a number of industry tracking service, trying to scale through a number of obvious advantages, leading role of large projects, the promotion of electronic information industry to upgrade the level of concentration.
About the Author

I am a professional editor from
China Product
, and my work is to promote a free online trade platform.
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NITTO GOLD BULLHORN FIXIE BARS W MAVIC GOLD QUILL STEM
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Gold Nitto Pearl NJS stem 1 great for track fixed gear
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Nitto Gold is a post from: Scott Becks Action Cycles

Mks Sylvan Track

scot — Thu, 06 May 2010 10:39:15 +0000

	MKS SYLVAN Track PEDAL 9/16 Silver Sale Price: $25.48
	LIGHT ALLOY BODY & CAGE w/CROMO SPINDLE, Classic Campy-style pedal from MKS, Aluminum Body and Easily service bearings, 343 grams

Mks Sylvan Track

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PEDAL BIKE FIXED GEAR TRACK MKS SYLVAN 9 16 SIL
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New MKS Sylvan Track Fixed Gear Bike Pedals Blue 9 16
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	MKS SYLVAN Track PEDAL 9/16 Silver Sale Price: $25.48
	LIGHT ALLOY BODY & CAGE w/CROMO SPINDLE, Classic Campy-style pedal from MKS, Aluminum Body and Easily service bearings, 343 grams

	MKS Sylvan Track Pedal Silver List Price: $35.00 Sale Price: $27.08
	MKS Sylvan Pedal. Copy of the classic Campy pedals. Features: Sylvan classic Campy copy

	MKS Sylvan Prime Track Pedals 9/16 Sale Price: $37.34
	MKS Sylvan Prime Pedals. Item Specifications; Color:Silver; Intended Use:Track; Pedal Spindle:9/16'; Pedal Type:Platform;

Mks Sylvan Track is a post from: Scott Becks Action Cycles

French Fixie

scot — Mon, 12 Apr 2010 23:32:20 +0000

French Fixie

The Genesis of Acids and Alkalis

In ancient times, the Egyptians and Greeks defined certain substances based upon their taste. Both the Greeks and the Egyptians had discovered that one particular substance was very sour. This became to be known as vinegar, which was produced from the fermentation of fruits to produce wine. Therefore, a new categorization of substances was developed that included all things that were sour.

The Greeks were also familiar with a different category of substances. They found three slippery substances left behind as residue after burning certain materials. These three substances were: potash, soda, and lime. Potash, which must have been the first to be discovered, was produced from wood ashes. When some waters were produced and allowed to evaporate, the film left behind was soda. Lime was produced from burning seashells. Ultimately, the Greeks discovered a new category to define substances based upon the property of feeling slippery.

In 1386, to build on the Greek’s definition of sour or slippery, a new terminology was developed to speak about things that felt slippery. From the Arabic word al-qaliy, which means “the ashes”, the term alkaline was developed. This word was then used to speak about things that felt slippery.

During the middle ages, the advancement towards defining sour and slippery substances was slow. European trading with China led to the introduction of the highly valued clothing good, silk. During the 16th century in France, fabric dyers found that when particular chemicals were added to the dying agent, the colors became more vibrant and even changed colors. Deeper and richer colors could be produced by adding these chemicals to the dying vats. The dyers noticed that when one chemical was added to the vat, it turned the dye a red color. On the other hand, when a different chemical was added to the vat, it turned the dye to a bluish-green color.

The fabric workers understood that certain substances changed the color and intensity of the dyes used in the industry. At that time they did not need to know how it worked; they just needed to know that the dyes changed colors. For this reason, the fabric workers did not know that the dyes introduced another method for distinguishing between substances the Greeks defined as sour and slippery. Also, there was not a good understanding of the definition of alkaline, except that alkali substances were slippery. Therefore, the phenomenon was overlooked by the fabric workers and science all together.

As trading with China’s silk continued, Europeans were also obtaining precious metals such as gold and silver. However, these metals were often mixed together to produce an alloy. In 1626, an attempt to separate gold from silver led to an important advancement towards understanding substances that were only definable by their taste and texture. It was found that the sour substances defined by the Greeks also could dissolve silver. When a sour substance was added to the gold/silver alloy and allowed to boil, the silver dissolved. After the solid gold pieces were removed, the silver was then re-obtained by allowing the sour substance to boil away. This discovery of the dissolving properties of sour tasting substances led to a new terminology. From the Latin word acidus, which means “sour”, the term acid was developed. This term was then used to define sour tasting substances that had dissolving properties.

Johann Rudolph Glauber began as a pharmacist; however, he soon changed his line of work and became an alchemist. Living in Amsterdam, Glauber ran many experiments concerning acids and alkalis, which were not yet distinctly defined. In his laboratory, he ran many experiments and observed their reactions. A few significant discoveries Glauber made were that of spiritus salis (hydrochloric acid), spirit of alum (sulfuric acid), and spiritus acidus nitri (nitric acid). Spirit of alum and spiritus acidus nitri were used for separating gold and silver; however, he was the first to produce concentrated amounts of either chemical. From his experiments of these three compounds with various chemicals, Glauber noticed that some chemicals reacted violently with one another producing an effervescence effect.

In 1658, he described these violent reactions as being a “battle”:

“When nitri fixi (potassium carbonate, a base) is added to spiritom nitri (nitric acid)…the spiritus acidus and liquior fixus have slain each other”

The fact that acids and alkalis “battle” one another is not the only significant discovery made by Glauber. Also in 1658, Glauber noted that when an acid and an alkali react, they produce a new kind of compound called a salt:

“Liquor fixus (potassium hydroxide alkali) and spiritus acidus nitri (nitric acid) are in their nature…totally unlike, foes and adversaries of each other…and when the two are brought together…and the one part has overcome and killed the other, neither liquor nor a spiritus acidus can be found in their dead bodies, but the same has been made, as both were before and from which they were derived, namely ordinary saltpeter (potassium nitrate salt).”

This observation that an acid and alkali react to yield a salt was a big advancement in acid-alkali alchemy. In fact, this led Glauber to find another important chemical salt. From one of his experiments, Glauber found that when spirit of alum (sulfuric acid) was reacted with ordinary table salt, a new salt was produced. This salt was sal mirabilis (sodium sulfate), which was also called Glauber’s salt. By producing many unattained compounds (hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium sulfate, etc.), Glauber’s contributions to alchemy were very important.

With the discoveries presented by Glauber, the chemical world added another terminology that was now broken into three categories: acid, alkali, and salt. What are the properties of these three categories that make them different from one another?

Robert Boyle was born in Ireland where he grew up until he was eight years old. He was then sent to school and traveled around Europe with a French tutor. After his stint of traveling and studying, Boyle returned to Ireland where he joined the Invisible College. The Invisible College was not actually a college at all; it was a group of prominent philosophers who inquired about questions relevant to the time period. This group later became the Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge after it had been granted by the King of England. Boyle was named to the council and held an important role in the Royal Society.

During the 17th century, the majority view of compounds suggested that all chemical compounds are composed of the same four elements: fire, earth, water, and air. For example, when a log is burned in a fire, it leads to the four elements. The log begins to combust (fire), sap flows from the wood (water), smoke rises from the log (air), and the ashes (earth) are left behind after the log is finished burning. Boyle disagreed with this hypothesis and suggested that differences in compounds were to “different textures” (configuration and cohesion of different elements). For this reason and many others, Boyle was known as the “skeptical chemist”. In fact, Boyle wrote his first book The Skeptical Chemist, which questioned the majority views of alchemy.

Boyle found Glauber’s work interesting. The new category of salts intrigued him and helped to support his hypothesis that not everything is composed of the same four elements. Boyle began experimenting with acids and alkalis. From his experiments, he was able to fit a better definition of an acid and alkali. On top of what the Greeks and Egyptians defined as being sour and what metal purifiers noted as excellent solvents, Boyle added that acids could also precipitate certain substances. Acids were very good in precipitating sulfur. On top of what the Greeks defined as being slippery, Boyle noticed that alkalis also contained “detergent properties”. Alkalis were also good at dissolving sulfur and oils; and just like Glauber, he found that alkalis were good at counteracting the properties of acids. He also noticed that some chemicals do not fit into the category of an acid or alkali.

Boyle continued his research of acids and alkalis and began to conduct experiments concerning how to identify an acid or alkali using indicators. He set up a number of different experiments which he published in his 1664 book Experimental History of Colours. Boyle knew from the French silk dyers that dyes were made from plant juices, so he began to experiment with the affects of acids on certain plant juices. He discovered what the French dyers had known a century before, only now he understood why the phenomenon they observed occurred. He noted that when an acid is placed in a jar containing a purple plant juice, the solution becomes red. Also, when an alkali is reacted with the same purple plant juice, the solution becomes bluish-green. Boyle had rediscovered an interesting and useful means of testing if a chemical was acidic or alkaline.

The development of acid and alkali indicators did not stop there. Boyle began to create small pieces of paper that had been soaked in lichens juice. After the paper had been removed from the juice and dried, it became a soft purple color. When the paper is touched to something acidic in character, the paper becomes red. Likewise, when the paper is touched to something alkaline in character, it becomes bluish-green. This new technique uses the same concept as the plant juice testing, but it is made much simpler by touching paper to the sample.

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